Electrical system of distribution.



WQA. TURBAY-NE. 1

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 01? DISTBSIBUTION. APPLICATION FILED OUT. I6. 1908.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

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W. A. TURBAINE. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION' APPLICATION FILED 001'. 15, 1908.

- Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

3 SHEETSr-SHEET 2.

W. A. TURBAYNE. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLIOATIO'N FILED 001. 16. 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WWI wows Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE; OF LANCASTER NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO GOULD STORAGE BATTERY COMPANY, A conroRATIon or NEW YORK.

, ELECTRICAII SYSTEM OF DISTRTIB'UTION'.

Specification' of Letters Patent;

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

Applicationfiled October 16, 1908. Serial 110,457,998.

To (ZZZ whom it may concern ,7

Be it. known that I, l/VILLIAM A. TUR- BAYNE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lancaster, county of Erie, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Systems of Distribution, of which the following is a specificationQ My invention relates to electrical systems of distribution and has been moreparticularly devised with reference to systems employinga storage apparatus such as a storage battery and a booster for compen sating for variations in electrical conditions of such systems so to maintain the load on the central station or sub-station more steady.

My invention involves both an improvement in dynamos and also improvements in the arrangement and combination of parts vof systems such as I have referred to.

Broadly speaking, the object of my invention is to supply a regulating dynamo and especially a battery booster that will be rapid in its response to the fluctuations occurring in the system while requiring a minimum of regulating apparatus.

Further objects, advantages and improvements will more clearly appear from the detail description given below taken in connection with the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specifica tion.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents diagrammatically a system embodying one form of my invention. view showing a modification thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of parts of the booster used in the system shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4

is a similar view of the booster shown in- Fig; 2. Fig. 5 is an end view of the booster shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6'is a diagrammatical view of-the booster shown in Fig. 4, showing the relationship of the armature and field conductors. F ig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the direction of the exciting currents when the booster is aiding the battery. Fig. 8 is a similar view, but showing the direction of the excitingcurrents when the booster is opposing the battery. F ig.. 9' isan enlarged, detail, diagrammatical view of the booster shown in Fig. 3, showing the relationship of the exciting and main armature currents. 1

Referring to Fig. 2, 1 represents a main Fig. 2 is a similar generator feeding the circuit 2, 2, which supplies lamps or other translating devlees 3. Across the circuit 2, 2, is connected the storage battery 4; and in series therewith the booster 5, arranged to cause the battery to discharge current to the line 2, 2, when it is overloaded and to generate a voltage opposing the battery to cause it to become charged when the load on the work or feed circuit falls below nor mal. The booster 5 is provided with main or working brushes 6, 6, which take off or conduct away the main armature current of the booster. In series with these brushes there are provided field turns? which have the same magnetic axis as the working armotive-force which opposes the magnetomotive-force set up by he main armature current in its working conductors. That is, the series winding 7 is so arranged that it tends to set up a flux that opposes the flux which tends to be set up by the main armature current. The winding 7 being in series with the working armature conductors its magneto-motive-force is proportional to that set up by the working armature current and thus effectively and efiiciently compensates for armature reaction. 8 represents a second field coil the turns of which are wound parallel with the turns 7. The turns 8 are connected in shunt with 21' resistance 9 by means of an adjustable contact l0. The coil 8, therefore, carries a current proportional to the.current supplied 2;.

by the generator 1 and produces a magnetoinotive-force in the same line as the turns 7 Both the working armature conductors and the turns 7 set up magneto-motive-forces. which tend to produce electro-motive forces further magneto-motive force which produces a potential difference at the brushes 11, 11, responslve to varlations in the current in the ma1n generator, but produces no electro-motive force at the main brushes,

6, 6. This potential if unopposed will produce an exciting current in the'armature conductors which will set up a flux to produce an 'electro-motive' force at the main working brushes 6, 6. When the system is working under normal load, however, I oppose the potential difference produced .by the coil 8 at the brushes 11, 11, by oppositely connectingto these brushes a source of substantially constant electro-motive force. This might be in the form of a battery 12 or any other convenient source of the proper value. hen an increase incur-- rent occurs in the circuit 2, 2, the field coil 8 increases the electro-mot1ve iorce produced thereby at the brushes 11, .11, so that it overcomes the electro-motive force. prorent and the various components of flux unfder different conditions will more clearly duced by the source 12 and causes an excitmg currentto fiow ln'the booster armature between these brushes, which sets up a flux therein to produce an electro-motive iorce at the brushes 6, 6, in the proper direction to cause the battery to discharge, and take its share of the load. If a decrease in load, on the system occurs the source 12 over comes the electro1notive'force produced by the field coil 8 and reverse operations take place to cause the battery to become chargedfrom the circuit 2, 2.

The direction of flow of the exciting curappear from Figs. 6,. 7 and 8. 'In these figures the positive sign indicates that the'current flows into the conductor away from thee e and the negative sign ().in-

dicates tha the current flows out of the conductor toward the; eye. The currents represented are merely the exciting components of currentaand not themam Working armature component of current. Fig. 6 represents the. conditions when the load on the system is normal and no main working current flows through the booster armature. The flux set up by the turns 8 is shown by the dotted lines 13, 13, and produces an electroanotive force at the brushes 11, indi cated by the arrow 14. in opposition to that set up by the source-12 which is indicated by the positive and negative marks. These two electro-motive forces being equal no exciting current results and no difference or potential at the crushes 6, 6, is produced.

which sets up a flux indicated by dotted lines 15, 15,-and which 'in turn produces-an elec tro-motive force at the working brushes '6, 6, 1n the direction of the arrow 16, .to cause a battery discharge. When a decrease in load occurs the source 12 prevails over the electro-motive force set up by the coil 8 and.represented by the line 14: in Fig. 8.. The exciting current now flows in the oppo-.

.to those shown in Fig. 2.

.these brushes by the circuit 2,

site directionlietween the-brushes 11, 11, and

sets up a working flux in the opposite directionindicated by the dottedlines 1T, 17

in'said Fig. 8. This produces an electromotive force at the working brushes 6, 6, in the opposite direction as indicated by .the arrow 18, to cause the battery tochargen Figs. at and 5 show the arrangement of 7 various of the parts of the booster shown in Fig. 2. The brushes 6, 6, 11, 11, are arranged about the commutator 19 'at substantially ninety electrical degrees from eachother. The turns 7 and 8 are secured about the'field structures 20, 20, and the structures 20, 20, are secured in place by a magnetizable frame 21. The mainpolar regions of the booster 5 are at the brushes 11, 11, and in order to properly concentrate the main flux and to cut down the cross flux to the proper. value, the held structures 20, 20 may be so arranged that the magnetic structure at each pole is split,,forming two independent pole structures in each polar region, eachmagnetically separated Irom the other at this point, as'i'ar as the main working flux is concerned.

Referring to Fig. 1 the system there shown embraces a generator 1, circuit 2, 2,

translating devices 3, and battery l, similar The booster-2 is, however, somewhat different since it contalns two independent armature windings main or working-brushes 25, 25, conncctthe working or main armature conductors in series with the battery. The brushes 26, 26, connect the exciting windings, represented by thecirole 24:, across the circuit'2, 2. Also in this system the functions ofthe turns 7 and 8 of Fig. 2 are combined into one wind ing 27; The winding 27 is connected in series witlrthe battery and booster to compensate for armature reaction and in shunt with the resistance 9 to givethe booster the properregulating excitation. A voltage at the brushes 26, 26, is produced in the winding 24: by the coil 27 equal to and opposing the substantially constant voltage applied to In other respects the operation of the system shown in Fig. 1 is similar to the operation of the system shown in Fig. 2. Two armature 'windings are used in ordeiqto prevent the short-circuiting of the brushes 25 and 26 and to prevent an excess voltage being applied to the main working armature conductors pensating turns 27 are wound similarly to the turns 7 and 8. F 1g. 9 shows the relationship of the currepresented by the circles 23 and 24:. The V ing turns are formed intoa much lar'ger' number of turns of-smaller wire than the working turns, in order to obtain the proper number of ampere turns. The field turns 27 set up a component of flux represented by the dotted lines 31 which produces an electic-motive force at the brushes 26, .216, overcoming the substantially constant-opposing source. This causes an exciting current to I How between the brushes 26, 26, causing a component of flux to be set up represented by the full lines .32 which in turn produces the propel-potential difierence at the main brushes 25. The positive and negative signs indicate the directions of the ex-- citing and working currents under these conditions.

From the above it Will be clear that I have not only provided a system in which all regulating machines, except the booster,

have been eliminated, but havev at the same time provided a novel term of booster which is exceptionally sensitive and quickly responsive to all dine fluctuations, and one which provides exceptionally close regulation and in which the sluggishness due to hysteresis and other causes has been sub stantially removed.

Although I have described my improvements with-great detail, I do not desire to be'limited to, such details, but,

Having thus fully and clearly described my improvements, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an electrical-system of distribution,

the combination with a circuit, a. storage apnar tusn r ss the same, a booster therefor having field turnsand an armature field eX-.

' citation circuit, means for applying an electromotive force across said field excitation circuit, said field turns receiving a current responsive to given changes of the electrical condition of the system and being wound to tive force appliedacross said field eXcitation circuitl v V 2. In an electrical system of distribution,

-the combination of a. circuit, a. storage apparatus connected thereto, and abocster 1n operative relation therewith, said booster being provided with. field-turns on its field structure wound tc oppose: its armature reaction and connected with the circuit to carry a current responsive to current varies tions in said circuit.

3. In an electrical system of distribution, the combination of a circuit, a storage apparatus connected thereto, a booster in operative relation therewith, said booster having an armature, means for taking off the current generated in said armature, means for applying a substantially constant potential to said armature, and said booster being provided with means for producing a variable potential in said armature in opposition to said constant potential.

:l. The combination with a main generator, a storageapparatus, a booster therefor having an armature field excitation circuit, and means for applying an electromotive force across said circuit, said booster having field turns, means to apply to said turns a current responsive to changes in the current output of said generator to generate an opposing electro-motive force in said eX citation circuit.

5. In an electrical system of distribution, the combination of a feed circuit. a storage apparatus connected thereto, a booster in operative relation therewith, said boosterhaving an armature, and means for apply ing a substantially constant potential to said armature, said booster having field turns for setting up a field in the booster to compen sate for armature reaction and to produce an electromotive forcedn opposition to said potential.

6. In an electrical system of distribution, the combination of a feed circuit, a storage apparatus connected thereto, a boosterin operative relation therewith, said booster being proyided with armature turns, brushes for taking off the main armature current of the booster, brushes at substantially 90 electrical degrees from said first mentioned brushes, and means for applying a substantially constant electro-motive forceat said last mentioned brushes, said booster having a field coil responsive to variations in the electrical condition of the system for setting up an'electro-motive force in the booster in opposition tosaid last mentioned electromotive force.

' 7. In an electrical system of distribution. the combination of a feed circuit. a storage apparatus connected thereto, a booster in operative relation therewith, said booster being provided with armature turns, brushes for conducting the main armature current to and from the battery, brushes at 90 electrical degrees from said brushes, means for applying to the armature turns-by said last .said second mentioned brushes an electromotive force in. opposition to saidsubstan 4O field magnet turns arranged to produce a tially constant electro-motive force, responsive to electrical changcslin said circuit.

' 8. In an electricalsystem of distribution, the combination of a feed circuit, a storage apparatus connected thereto a booster in operative relation therewith, andexternal ,means for applying an electro-motive force vided with turns substantially all of which are connected to produce an electro-motive force at substantially90' electrical degrees from said brushes responsive to variations of current in the feed circuit. j

-10. The combination of a main generator and at compensating storage battery there- 'for',a booster in the battery circuit with brushes for .takingoff the main armature current thereof, and means to energize the fieldmagnets of the booster responsive to current changes in the battery and generator circuits, said means comprising field'turns having a magnetic axis disposed to compen-' sate for the armature reaction of the booster.

11. The combination of a-distribution circuit, acompensatory storage battery therefor, abooster'in "the battery circuit having flux responsive to variations in the currents of the distribution and battery circuits,

which flux produces a current forfexciting the booster to, produce the boosting electromotive force, and means for applying an electro-motive force to oppose the flow of said exciting current.

12. In an electrical system of distribu-' tion, the combination of a feed. circuit a storage battery connected across the same, a booster in series with the battery, said booster being'provided with a field structure havingturns with a magnetic axis parallel to; that of its workin armature turns, the current in said field wlndings be ing responsive to variations in the electrical.

condition ofthe system and. means for applying an electro-motive force to the booster armature.

18. The combination with a circuit, a storage apparatus across the same, a booster therefor having two armature windings, one for the main current and the second to excite the main field, and means for applying an electro-motive force to said second "windi ing, said booster being provided with means for generating an opposing electro-motive force in said second winding variable With given changes of the electrical condition of the system.

14. The combination of a main genera-' tor, a storage apparatus, a booster therefor having two sets of armature turns, one set being field excitation turns, and turns on the field magnet so disposed as to produce an-elec'tro-motive force in-said set of field excitation turns, means for applying an opposing electro-moti've force to the said field excitation turns, one of said opposing elecexcitation turns, the turns on the field-magnet being connected to carry a current responsively to load changes -of said generator. v

16. The combination. of a main generator and a compensating storage battery there for, a booster in the battery circuit having field magnet turns responsive to current changes in the battery and generator circuits, the boosten armature having two sets ice of turns, one set being field excitation turns and itself disposed to generate an electromotive force under the influence of the field magnet turns, and means for applying an electro-motive force from the generator to said field excitation turns.

l7. The combination with a circuit, astorage apparatus across the same, and a booster therefor having two armature windings, one for the main current and the second to produce the main field, and means for generating an electro-motive force in said second winding responsive to current changes in said circuit.

18. The combination of an electrical supply circuit, a compensatory storage battery therefor, and a regulating dynamo forcon'-* trolling or regulating the charge and discharge of the battery, said dynamo being provided with two sets of armature turns, and with field turns 'on its field structure to compensate for armature reaction and arranged to produce an exciting current in I one set of armature turns responsive to load changes on said circuit, which exciting current will produce an electro-motive force in the other set of armature turns.

- 19. The combination of an electrical circuit, a compensatory storage battery there having the regulating electro-motive force Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,123,626

for, and a regulating dynamo for "the bat- I,

tery, having tWo sets of armature turns, field turns on the dynamo to produce an exciting current in one set of armature turns responsive to load changes "on said circuit and said second set ofarmature turns produced therein by said exciting current.

2-0. In an electrical system ofdistribution' the comhinationof'a feed circuit, a-storage battery connected thereto, aregulating dynamo for'thestorage apparatus, said dynamo having field turns on its field structure responsive to electrical variations in Patent Oflice.

[emu] 'electro-motive force Signed and sealed this l tith day of February, A. l), 1915.

the circuit substantially all of Which turns produce a magnetoemotive force in the same line as that produced by its Working armature conductors and means for applying an to the armature of said dynamo.

a In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two-subscribingWitnesses.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE. l Vitnesses:

THOs. DoBBINs, XV. H. PATTENDEN.

[t hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,123,626, granted January 5, 1915, upon the application of William A. Turbayne, of Lancaster,'New York, for an improvement in- Electrical Systems of Distribution, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows; Page 1, line 100, for the word windings read'zfurn s; and that the said Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the J. T. NEWTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

